趋向补语1
Pattern
动词+ 来 / 去动词+ 上 / 下 / 进 / 起 / 过 / 回 / 开Explanation
趋向补语用于表示动作的方向或趋势，'来'表示向说话者方向移动，'去'表示远离说话者方向移动，其他趋向补语如'上、下、进、起、过、回、开'表示不同的空间或抽象方向。
Directional complements indicate the direction or trend of an action. '来' shows movement toward the speaker, '去' shows movement away from the speaker, and other complements like '上、下、进、起、过、回、开' indicate different spatial or abstract directions.
Examples
简单趋向补语的趋向意义用法
The directional meaning usage of simple directional complements
你看，他向这边走来了。
Look, he is walking toward this way.
甲：这件礼物怎么给他？
A: How should I give this gift to him?
乙：你给他带去吧。
B: You should take it to him.
我明天带一个相机来。
I'll bring a camera tomorrow.
他昨天带了一个相机。
He brought a camera yesterday.
甲：你的词典呢？
A: Where is your dictionary?
乙：不好意思，我没拿来。
B: Sorry, I didn't bring it.
你爬上十九楼了没有？
Have you climbed up to the 19th floor yet?
我没爬上十九楼，到十楼就不行了。
I didn't make it to the 19th floor; I stopped at the 10th floor.
爸爸从车上拿下电脑，放回房间。
Dad took the computer off the car and put it back in the room.
妈妈走上二楼，从包里拿出一封信。
Mom walked up to the second floor and took a letter out of her bag.
车开进学校了，我们快过去吧。
The car has driven into the school; let's go over there quickly.
你打开包给我看看。
Open your bag and show me.
Related Grammar Points
结果补语1：动词+错/懂/干净/好/会/清楚/完HSK 2二49
句子成分 · 补语
结果补语表示动作产生的结果或达到的状态，紧跟在动词后面，用来说明动作是否成功、是否完成或达到某种程度。
Resultative complements indicate the result or state achieved by an action, placed directly after the verb to show whether the action was successful, completed, or reached a certain degree.
Examples (8)
写错 看懂 洗干净 做好 学会 听清楚 吃完
write incorrectly understand wash clean do well learn to master hear clearly finish eating
你写错了两个汉字。
You wrote two Chinese characters incorrectly.
这个句子我没看懂。
I didn't understand this sentence.
衣服我洗干净了。
I have washed the clothes clean.
这道题你学会了没有？
Have you mastered this problem?
这道题我没学会。
I haven't mastered this problem yet.
你听清楚老师的话了吗？
Did you hear the teacher's words clearly?
老师的话我听清楚了。
I have heard the teacher's words clearly.
状态补语1：动词+得+形容词性词语HSK 2二51
句子成分 · 补语
这个结构用于描述动作进行的方式、程度或状态。'得'字连接动词和形容词性词语，表示动作的结果或状态。
This structure is used to describe the manner, degree, or state of an action. '得' connects the verb with an adjectival phrase, indicating the result or state of the action.
Examples (2)
她跑得很快。
She runs very fast.
我们玩儿得很高兴。
We had a lot of fun playing.
数量补语1：动词+动量补语HSK 2二52
句子成分 · 补语
动量补语用在动词后面，表示动作发生的次数或频率。
Complements of action frequency are placed after the verb to indicate how many times an action occurs.
Examples (2)
我去过一次。
I have been there once.
我们休息一下儿。
Let's take a short break.
数量补语2：形容词+数量补语HSK 2二53
句子成分 · 补语
形容词后接数量补语，表示程度或数量的差异，常用于比较句中。
Adjective followed by a quantifier complement to indicate the degree or amount of difference, commonly used in comparative sentences.
Examples (3)
我比弟弟大两岁。
I am two years older than my younger brother.
昨天很热，今天凉快一点儿。
It was very hot yesterday, but today it's a bit cooler.
她的中文比我流利一些。
Her Chinese is a bit more fluent than mine.